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4300Catalog Appendix Glossary GlossaryofKeyTubeFittings, FluidPowerandOtherEngineeringTerms Alloy:Asubstancehavingmetallicpropertiesandcomposed ColdWorking(ColdForming):Permanentlydeformingmetal, oftwoormorechemicalelementsofwhichatleastoneisa usuallyatroomtemperature,bytheapplicationofanexternal metal. forceinordertoproduceanearnetshapecomponent. Annealing: Heat treating process used primarily to soften Compressibility:Thechangeinvolumeofaunitvolumeofa metalsortostabilizetheirstructures. fluidwhensubjectedtoaunitchangeinpressure. Boss:Arelativelyshortprotrusionorprojectionfromthesurface Corrosion:Thedeteriorationofametalbychemicalorelectro- ofaforgingorcasting,oftencylindricalinshape. chemicalreactionwithitsenvironment. Brass:Analloyconsistingmainlyofcopper(over50%)andzinc, Creep:Time dependent strain occuring under stress. This towhichsmalleramountsofotherelementsmaybeadded. phenomenonmayresultinrelaxationi.e.thereliefofpre-load/ pre-stressinassembledcomponents. Braze505:Braze505isatrademarkoftheHandy&Harman Company. Crimping:Aswagingandsqueezingoperationusuallyused tosecurecomponents,suchas,nutsandshellstotheirmating Brazing:Thejoiningofmetalsthroughtheuseofheatand parts. capillaryflowofafillermetal.Thefillermetalhavingamelting temperature above 840 degrees Fahrenheit, but below the Deburring:Removingburrs,sharpedgesor finsfrommetal meltingpointofthemetalsbeingjoined. partsusuallybyfiling,grindingortumblingtheworkinabarrel containingsuitableliquidmediumandabrasives. BrightAnnealing:Annealinginaprotectiveatmosphereto preventdiscolorationofthebrightsurface. Density:Ratioofthemassofanobject(includingfluids)toits volume. BrinellHardnessTest:Atestfordeterminingthehardnessof amaterialbyforcingahardsteelorcarbideballofspecified Diamond Pyramid Hardness Test (DPH): An indentation diameterintoitunderaspecifiedload. hardnesstestemployinga136�diamondpyramidindenterand variableloads. BrittleFracture:Afracturewhichisaccompaniedbylittleor noplasticdeformation. Ductility:Theabilityofametaltodeformplastically(perma- nently)withoutfracturing. Brittleness: The quality of a material that leads to crack propagationwithoutappreciableplasticdeformation. DynamicPressureRating:SeePRESSURE,RATED DYNAMIC. BulkModulus:Themeasureofresistancetocompressibility ofafluid.Itisthereciprocalofthecompressibility. Easy Flo 45: Easy Flo 45 is a trademark of the Handy & HarmanCompany. Burnishing: Smoothing surfaces of a work piece through frictionalcontactbetweenitandsomehardenedtooling. ElasticDeformation:Changeofdimensionsaccompanying stressintheelasticrange,originaldimensionsbeingrestored Carbonitriding:Acasehardeningprocessofsuitableferrous uponreleaseofstress. material that is effected by the simultaneous absorption of nitrogen and carbon into the surface of the work piece, by Elastomer:Oftenreferredtoasrubber,isahighpolymerthat heatingabovethelowertransformationtemperatureinasuitable canbe,orhasbeenmodifiedtoastateexhibitinglittleplastic gaseousatmosphere. flowandquickrecoveryfromanextendingforce. Cavitation:Alocalizedgaseousconditionwithinaliquidstream Erosion:Destructionofmetalsorothermaterialsbytheabrasive whichoccurswhenthepressureisreducedtothevaporpressure. actionofmovingfluids,orparticles. Generallyoccursinpumpsandsuctionlineswherefluidvelocity Extrusion:Conversionofaningotslugorbilletintolengthsof istoohighduetopoorlysized(toosmall)linesize. uniformcrosssectionbyplasticallyforcingthemetalthrougha Chatter:Theundesirablewavysurfaceonamachinedsurface, dieorificehavingthedesiredcrosssectionalprofile. producedbyvibrationofthetool,grindingwheelorworkpiece Fatigue/EnduranceLimit:Themaximumstressbelowwhich itselfduringmachiningorgrinding. amaterialcanpresumablyendureaninfinitenumberofstress ChromateTreatment:Atreatmentofmetalinasolutionofa cycles. hexavalentchromiumcompoundtoproduceaconversioncoat- FatigueFracture:Theinitiationofminutecracks,propagating ingofchromiumcompoundsonthesurfaceofthemetal,thus into ultimate fracture under the application of repeated or improvingtheresistancetocorrosion. fluctuating stresses having a maximum value less than the ColdHeading:Workingmetalatroomtemperatureinsucha tensilestrengthofthematerial. V mannerthatthecross-sectionalareaofaportionorallofthe FerrousMetal:Ametalinwhichthemajorconstituentisiron. stockisincreased. FirePoint:Thetemperaturetowhichafluidmustbeheatedto igniteandburnforatleastfivesecondsinthepresenceofair whenasmallflameisapplied. V17 ParkerHannifinCorporation TubeFittingsDivision Columbus,Ohio http://www.parker.com/tfd
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